results

Location

Krudwig et al KSSTA 2004

- 85 intra-articular ganglions

- 49 ACL, 16 PCL

- 12 from anterior horn meniscus, 3 posterior horn meniscus

- 3 from fat pad

Cruciate ligament ganglion

Technique

Surgical technique PDF using trans-septal portal

Definition

Loss of ligamentous stability between atlas and axis

Can cause impingement of the spinal cord

Etiology

Definition

Acute dislocation of the atlanto-axial facet joint

Present with acute torticollis

Etiology

Children

Definition

Unstable injuries

Complete disruption of both the anterior and posterior ring

5 - 20% of pelvic fractures

Mechanism

Axial load

Motor vehicle accident

Fall from height

Pathology

Anterior ring

Cause

Movement of iliopsoas tendon over femoral head / iliofemoral ridge / iliofemoral ligament

Epidemiology

Middle age men

Steroids / Growth Hormone

Aetiology

Usually occurs in gym

Bench Press

Clinical

Significant bruising in the acute phase

In chronic setting, ask patient to adduct against hip / resistance

Definition

Garden 1 / 2

Algorithm

ORIF

- ~ 15% displacement rate with non operative management

- increased risk of non union

- reduced hospital in patient stays

Options

Cannulated screws

DHS + derotation screw

3 cannulated screws

Epidemiology

Most common pattern cord injury

Hyper-extension injury in middle aged man with osteoarthritic spine

Usually C3/4 and C4/5

Mechanism

Most common type / in older patient with pre-existing spondylosis / OPLL

- hyperextension injury

- compression of the cord

- anteriorly by osteophytes

- posteriorly by infolded ligamentum flavum

Issues

Femur

Multiplanar deformity

- worsend by previous surgery

- may require osteotomy

Acetabulum

Dysplasia often present

- not as severe as in DDH

LLD

Can be significant

Abductors

Have been short for long time

- difficult to restore length